Addition by Completing Groupings
This is just a quick visualization for mental addition problems. Although you can conceptualize the first example as teaching the concept of "carrying the one," I much prefer to think of this as a representation of regrouping as a technique for addition. One of the challenges with this is that it takes a lot of words to describe something intuitive, and this is ultimately an intuitive process. But the core idea is that "8 + 6" is in some ways a slower and more complex calculation than "6 - 2" (because the numbers of the first calculation are bigger), and so it is less mentally taxing to conceptualize the latter. (Don't worry about where the 6 and the 2 came from for now.) For one digit calculations, this doesn't show much benefit, but for larger calculations (such as "378 + 257") the value is more apparent.
The process can be broken into a sequence of questions:
- Question 1: How many pieces are needed to complete the group?
- Question 2: How many pieces are in the completed group?
- Question 3: How many pieces remain after those pieces have been removed?
- Question 4: How many total pieces do you have?
Example 1: 8 + 6
- Question 1: How many pieces are needed to complete the group?
- There are 8 pieces on the left, which requires 2 more pieces to complete the group.
- Question 2: How many pieces are in the completed group?
- There are 10 pieces in the completed group.
- Question 3: How many pieces remain after those pieces have been removed?
- 6 - 2 = 4. There are 4 pieces left.
- Question 4: How many total pieces do you have?
- There are 10 + 4 pieces, or 14 pieces.
This animation is on a perpetual loop with random one digit addition calculations that visualize this technique. It can also be used for practice
Example 2: 39 + 7
The trick to this one is that your brain is capable of converting the 39 to a 40 with relative ease, and 40 + 6 is an easy calculation.
- Question 1: How many pieces are needed to complete the group?
- There are 39 pieces on the left, which requires 1 more piece to complete the group.
- Question 2: How many pieces are in the completed group?
- There are 40 pieces in the completed group.
- Question 3: How many pieces remain after those pieces have been removed?
- 7 - 1 = 6. There are 6 pieces left.
- Question 4: How many total pieces do you have?
- There are 40 + 6 pieces, or 46 pieces.
Example 3: 48 + 37
If you are comfortable with one digit addition (and you should be), then it's not much to ask your brain to do 5 + 3 (or really, 50 + 30).
- Question 1: How many pieces are needed to complete the group?
- There are 48 pieces on the left, which requires 2 more pieces to complete the group.
- Question 2: How many pieces are in the completed group?
- There are 50 pieces in the completed group.
- Question 3: How many pieces remain after those pieces have been removed?
- 37 - 2 = 35. There are 35 pieces left.
- Question 4: How many total pieces do you have?
- There are 50 + 35 pieces, or 85 pieces.
(( Animations eventually? ))
Example 4: 378 + 257
This will take practice, but once you get it you will find this is not nearly as scary as it first appears.
- Question 1: How many pieces are needed to complete the group?
- There are 378 pieces on the left, which requires 22 more pieces to complete the group.
- Question 2: How many pieces are in the completed group?
- There are 400 pieces in the completed group.
- Question 3: How many pieces remain after those pieces have been removed?
- 257 - 22 = 235. There are 235 pieces left.
- Question 4: How many total pieces do you have?
- There are 400 + 235 pieces, or 635 pieces.
(( Animations eventually? ))